Dog domestication is a complicated evolutionary and cultural process that leads to a symbiotic relationship with humans. Archaeological evidence demonstrates that the dog has been a human companion since the Mesolithic Age. Genomic sequencing data also suggest that initial dog domestication predated the advent of agriculture, occurring instead alongside hunter-gatherers (Freedman et al., 2014). The earliest confirmed domestic dog anywhere is from a burial site in Germany called Bonn-Oberkassel, which has joint human and dog interments dated 14,000 years ago. Humans domesticated dogs through a gradual process where less aggressive wolves scavenged near human campsites. Over thousands of years, these wolves adapted to human presence, leading to mutual benefits like companionship and protection. The link between dogs and wolves begins over 30,000 years ago. But how did it happen and did humans play a role or did dogs domesticate themselves? In addition to the selection of the first breeds, human training and care also greatly influenced the domestication process. Moreover, as human societies advanced, the roles of dogs evolved further. Dogs were the first animals humans domesticated, descended from grey wolves at least 15,000 years ago, with genetic evidence pushing the split back to around 30,000 years ago. Modern humans left Africa around 60,000 years ago, and the domestication of dogs is believed to have begun between 15,000 and 30,000 years ago, likely in Eurasia. At least three regions have strong claims as the birthplace of the domestic dog. Large-scale genetic studies of maternal DNA in modern dogs point to southern East Asia as the origin, based on the sheer genetic diversity found in dogs from that region. Dogs migrated alongside humans but the movement of the two did not always align, indicating that in some cases humans migrated without dogs or that dogs moved between human groups, possibly as a cultural or trade item.